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Drought in the Amazon visible from space

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A man in the dry bottom of the Black River, tributaries of the Amazon.

A new NASA-funded study has revealed a general reduction in the green forests of the vast Amazon Basin in South America, caused by the record drought of 2010.

"Levels of Amazonian vegetation greenness, a measure of health- decreased dramatically in an area of \u200b\u200bover three and a half times the size of Texas and did not recover to normal levels even after the drought ended in late October 2010, "said Liang Xu, lead author of the study at the University of Boston.

The future of the Amazon forest

sensitivity to drought in the Amazon Rainforest is a topic of intense study. Scientists are concerned because the computer models predict that in a changing climate, with temperatures warm and altered rainfall patterns, the resulting moisture stress may cause some forest were replaced by grasslands or savanna woody . This would make the carbon stored in decaying wood are released into the atmosphere, which could accelerate global warming.

The Intergovernmental Panel on United Nations on Climate Change (IPCC) has warned that droughts similar may be more common in the Amazon region in the future.

The full study has been prepared by an international team of scientists who have studied for more than a decade of satellite data MODIS and NASA's TRMM.

The analysis of these data has enabled detailed mapping showing the decrease in green vegetation by drought in 2010. The study has been accepted for publication in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, a journal of the American Geophysical Union. Consequences

driest year

Authors first developed maps of the areas affected by drought thresholds of below average rainfall. The maps show that the drought of 2010 green reduced by approximately 1.5 million square kilometers of vegetation in the Amazon, more than four times the area affected by the recent severe drought in 2005.

"Data from MODIS satellite spectrometer on green vegetation suggest a broader impact, severe and long lasting in the Amazonian vegetation of what can be deduced based solely on rainfall data," said Arindam Samanta, coauthor and researcher Atnopsheric and Environmental Research.

The severity of the drought of 2010 also was noted in the records of water levels in rivers in the Amazon basin. Water levels began to fall in August 2010, reaching unprecedented levels in late October. The water levels began to increase only with the arrival of rains after winter.

" Last year was the driest year on the basis of data 109 years in the Black River, off the port of Manaus. In comparison, the lowest level during the drought of 2005 was only octave lower, "said Mark Costa, co-author of the Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil.

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cancer, a cocktail of genes and environment

Madrid (El Mundo) .- The Princess of Asturias, Letizia Ortiz, has called for improved working environments and to prevent cancer and pointed out that 30% of cases could be prevented by acting on certain factors risk.

With this appeal, Doña Letizia opened the Niemeyer Centre in Avilés International Conference of the World Health Organization (WHO) on primary prevention of cancer and environmental determinants and occupational disease .

Doña Letizia, who is honorary president of the English Association Against Cancer and recalled that for the first time Avilés go alone since it is Princess of Asturias, praised "the commitment to investigate" of scientists and students who meet these days in the Principality.

be more effective in preventing cancer is mentioned, the objective of the WHO conference, and for that the two key tools are "information and research."

Health Minister, Leire Pajin, indicated that although genetic inheritance is an important factor in cancer, so is the environment in which we live and recalled that two weeks ago was approved the draft law of public health in Spain, he is confident that succeed by the end of the year. "Prevention is the best tool for maintaining our health," , stressed Pajín, who said that, therefore, the health system should not be solely responsible for health also influence the design of cities, the management water and air, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Pajín, preventive actions within his department, also pointed out that approved the so-called Anti-Tobacco Law (driven by its predecessor, Trinidad Jiménez), which entered into force in January and is being "More than reasonable to develop normally."

"Thanks to the civic behavior" of the English population, said the minister, who added that the law is a way of "dealing" with "serenity and responsibility" of the 50,000 deaths a year in Spain caused by smoke of snuff.

Director of Public Health and Environment WHO, Maria Neira, said, meanwhile, that the objective of the conference is "to bring to the understanding of all" that there are links between environmental factors and development of cancers and primary prevention therefore must gain a foothold in the public health agenda.

In this regard, he recalled that only 5% of health spending devoted to primary prevention of cancer and that any change in that rate "would be the benefit of society."

For his part, President of the Principality of Asturias, Vicente Álvarez Areces, is confident that the conference out a statement in the text to appreciate "an international appeal to the joint efforts of scientists, public authorities and society to avoid risk factors and reduce the incidence of cancer. "

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Replace this post since I can not upload new images and do not know why.

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If someone handed you tell me please because I can not give it back instead of my own blog I can, I have the least idea what can happen.

Thanks in advance.

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Nuclear "? - No thanks

Diego Díaz Martín (*)

Japan The unfortunate events remind us how vulnerable we are to nuclear developments, without denying some benefits with applications in fields such as power generation and health, also represent major risks for humanity.

come to my mind the Chernobyl accident (Ukraine, 1988), nuclear genocide in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Japan, 1945) and the sinking of the submarine K-219 (1986), among others, whose moments can be summed up with words like anxiety, insecurity, pollution and death.

Considered by some as "the best clean energy exists, in my personal and professional opinion, a system that produces radioactive waste treatment and disposal difficult, and also may take several generations with negative effects on people and other living beings, can not be clean, in contrast, has a guilty conscience. Also, do not forget that a nuclear reactor has a lifetime between 30 and 40 years, and then becomes a very difficult waste management, you should expect about 100 years for radioactivity levels drop and can be dismantled.

With so much potential to produce electrical energy through the natural movement of air masses (wind), the sea (wave, tidal and underwater), and the well-known solar, really do not understand why some nations are determined to opt for nuclear energy, which could be cheaper in the short term, as some scholars have suggested, but whose environmental liabilities and costs in the medium and long term remediation, decontamination and containment, than any other energy production system in the medium and long term.

According to the Portuguese writer Jose Saramago, the memory we have and the responsibility we assume. No memory does not exist and no responsibility may not deserve to exist.

Whoever wants to forget the events in history with nuclear power, and decide to ignore the warnings of dozens of nongovernmental organizations in the world to their potential dangers, has or will have a debt to the present and future of a world that cries out and deserves a safe and balanced for all.

For now, exercising my right to speak ... Nuclear?, No thanks.

* Diego Díaz Martín is president of VITALIS

Twitter: @ ddiazmartin
Email: ddiazmartin@vitalis.net

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bottles.

Walking around the web xoxobook.com bottles found this chair that I liked, but .....

glass if I'm afraid that and if they break a plastic, it seems to be crushed with the weight of the body, but is beautiful is beautiful!!

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will be a matter of putting a cotton blanket to sit and go.

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rustic It may run in the eastern sector of Canaima National Park

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taken a decision today was unusual in a country that defends the environment: they agreed not rustic 4x4 vehicle traffic in the eastern sector of Canaima National Park, until gradually recover the affected areas rustiqueo activities, known as Fun Race.

In this sense, the decision taken by the Court 4 of Control of Puerto Ordaz, states that upon completion of the succession process recovery spontaneously or be allowed vehicle access 4 x 4, only for the transfer to sites recreation and leisure in the areas known as the Gateway to the Puerta del Cielo, Agua Fria, La Piscina, Aguas Calientes, at the Swallow Falls, Sakaika, Puerto Liworiwo, Toroncito and Thoron.

addition, the Public Ministry and the National Parks would monitor the sites affected in order to display the access from recovery. Additionally, he was ordained to officiate at the Ministry of Popular Power for the Environment, the Governor of Bolivar State, the Army and the National Guard, to dictate environmental education talks to tourists and passersby during peak periods.

also diffuse through of the social media eco-activity, so that events do not occur that undermine the environment.

Also, the mayor of the municipality shall provide containers Gran Sabana, containers or plastic bags for use by tourists in high season.

worth noting that the measure was required in the year 2009, given the evident continuous and permanent deterioration of soil and water in that National Park, eastern sector. However, in August of that year was declared inadmissible by the 2nd Court of Control of Puerto Ordaz.

After the relevant legal procedures, the Court 4 of Control heard the application request, which was now declared to place.

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Bottle "watering can" plant. Posaollas

How about this system when we are absent???.

We filled the bottle and embedded next to our plant.

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I loved!.

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knew how to put a bottle and some cotton thread embedded in the ground but this bottle directly no.

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I thought good to share with you. It's another way to recycle bottles with another user.

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I think I took Craftzine I walked by.

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